WO2001008046A1 - Server-based instrumentation system for internet-enabled applications - Google Patents
Server-based instrumentation system for internet-enabled applications Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001008046A1 WO2001008046A1 PCT/US2000/016321 US0016321W WO0108046A1 WO 2001008046 A1 WO2001008046 A1 WO 2001008046A1 US 0016321 W US0016321 W US 0016321W WO 0108046 A1 WO0108046 A1 WO 0108046A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/30—Monitoring
- G06F11/34—Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment
- G06F11/3466—Performance evaluation by tracing or monitoring
- G06F11/3495—Performance evaluation by tracing or monitoring for systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/30—Monitoring
- G06F11/34—Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment
- G06F11/3409—Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment for performance assessment
- G06F11/3419—Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation ; Recording or statistical evaluation of user activity, e.g. usability assessment for performance assessment by assessing time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/805—Real-time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/86—Event-based monitoring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/87—Monitoring of transactions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to error detection, to error correction, and to monitoring
- G06F2201/875—Monitoring of systems including the internet
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to techniques for monitoring the performance of computer transactions, and more particularly to a system for monitoring transactions which occur over a distributed communications network, such as the Internet.
- the performance of a computer system is monitored by measuring the period of time which elapses between the instant at which a particular transaction is initiated, for example by a user or within an application program, and the time when a response is received. For instance, individual users may access a common database via their respective computers. A user may request a listing of all records in the database which contain a certain type of information. To monitor the performance of the computer system, the time at which the user initiates the request is recorded, as well as the time when the records matching the search criteria are displayed to the user. The difference between these two times indicates the latency within the computer system, and serves as one measure of its performance efficiency.
- an electronic commerce retailer who is hosting a site on the World-Wide Web may desire to know how efficiently responses are being provided to prospective customers. If a user has to wait too long for a web page to download, he or she may become frustrated and move on to another site, resulting in the loss of potential sales. By knowing that the page is taking too long, however, the retailer can redesign it for faster downloading, e.g. by removing graphics or animation. The retailer may also desire to know the amount of time that customers spend in consideration of the choices presented on a web page, before making a selection, to optimize the amount of information contained on each page.
- the users may object to having programs installed on their computer systems which monitor all of the transactions that they perform over the Internet, particularly if it is done without prior approval. Furthermore, even if such an approach were to be implemented, it would be cumbersome to attempt to segregate and transmit all of the recorded data by web site, so that only the transaction data pertaining to a given web site is reported to the host of that site.
- a system which is capable of monitoring transactions that are carried out via a distributed communications network, such as the Internet, but which does not require the installation of any software on the user's computer. Further in this regard, it is desirable to provide such a system which enables a web site host to obtain data of interest which pertains to only that host's site.
- the foregoing objectives are achieved by means of a system in which transaction and event monitoring functions are directly incorporated into web pages, and similar types of data structures, that are transmitted from a host site to individual users.
- Each monitoring function operates within the context of the web page with which it is transmitted, and does not require any software to be loaded on the user's computer.
- the monitoring function is carried out by an applet incorporated into each web page that relates to transactions of interest, such as an interactive page via which users submit requests for information.
- three types of data are incorporated into the pages that relate to transactions of interest.
- One type of data consists of particular tags, or indicators, such as DHTML tags, which identify events of interests, and which call one or more functions when a particular event occurs.
- the second type of data consists of scripts that perform the functions called by the tags.
- the third type of data comprises an applet which operates as a communications broker between a server at the host site and the functions performed by the scripts, as well as a processor for calculating elapsed time between related pairs of detected events.
- the period of time that elapses between a user's request for a particular web page and receipt of a response to that request can be measured at the user's site in a manner that is transparent to the user.
- the system takes into account all of the factors which affect the user's experience at a particular web site, including operations performed at both the user's computer and the server computer.
- each web host can customize the transaction monitoring operation in a manner which best suits the concerns of the host. As a result, each host is able to obtain the information which is most useful in making decisions that affect the appearance and functionality of their respective sites.
- a tool which automates the process for incorporating the monitoring function into web pages.
- a web site host provides an indication of the type of operations which are to be monitored, and these operations are stored in a database. Thereafter, when a web page is transmitted from the host's site, it is examined to determine whether it contains any commands or tags that are stored in the database, and if so the web page is modified by adding the appropriate codes to perform the monitoring function.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary computer system in which the present invention can be implemented;
- Figures 2a-2c are exemplary web pages illustrating transactions conducted over the Internet;
- FIG 3 is a flow diagram illustrating the exchange of information between a server and a user's computer;
- Figures 4-6 are representative reports generated by the monitoring program;
- Figure 7 is a view of a web page with a menu for designating monitoring actions
- Figure 8 is a view of the web page with a list of the possible actions that can be defined for an object
- Figure 9 is an illustration of the database which stores the actions that have been defined for a web site's pages.
- Figure 10 is a flow diagram of the process that is carried out to dynamically insert the monitoring code into web pages as they are being transmitted.
- the Internet is described as a particular type of communication and information network in which the invention can be implemented, it will be understood that the invention can be successfully employed in any type of distributed communication network, where the remote sites may be managed and/or owned independently of the central server, and therefore the installation of monitoring software at the remote sites is neither practical nor desirable.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a typical environment in which the monitoring system of the present invention might be employed.
- This illustration depicts an electronic commerce arrangement, in which various e-commerce retailers conduct transactions with customers via a global communications network, such as the Internet.
- Each retailer hosts one or more e-commerce sites on associated servers 10, 12, 14.
- Each retailer may be associated with a different respective server, or multiple retailers may have each of their sites hosted on a single server.
- the e-commerce retailers conduct transactions with individual customers by means of web pages that are transmitted via a communications network 16, e.g. the Internet.
- a communications network 16 e.g. the Internet.
- Individual customers access the web pages by means of personal computers 18-24, or equivalent types of devices which are capable of providing a connection to the communications network and viewing the web pages, for instance by means of a browser program.
- the web pages are individually downloaded from the servers 10-14 to the users' communications devices 18-24, and contain information about the products that are available from the various e-commerce retailers.
- the web pages also provide a form of interactivity, via which the users can enter requests for particular types of products, and submit orders.
- Figure 2a illustrates the initial web page that is downloaded to a user's communication device when the user first connects to the retailer's site.
- the retailer offers various types of media, such as books, music and videos.
- the web page includes search windows via which the user can enter criteria for identifying products of interest.
- a first window 26 enables the user to select the general category of interest, e.g. books, music or videos.
- a second window 28 enables the user to insert text which describes the subject matter in which the user is interested.
- the user has indicated an interest in books relating to the topic of lasers.
- the remainder of the web page might contain graphical and/or textual displays advertising particular products of the retailer, and links to other pages that pertain to specific products.
- the response to the user's request might be the transmission of a web page such as that illustrated in Figure 2b, which informs the user that no matches were found for the particular keywords entered by the user.
- the web page may also provide a dialog window 32, to enable the user to enter new search criteria, and thereby redefine the subject matter being sought.
- the user has entered new subject matter, namely "computer", and resubmitted the request, by clicking on a button 34.
- a new web page such as that illustrated in Figure 2c, is transmitted to the user's communication device.
- the web page contains a listing of each of the books available from a retailer which contain the word "computer", or otherwise match the user's request.
- the title of each book might provide a link to another web page (not shown) which contains more detailed information about the book.
- These additional web pages might also provide the user with the ability to enter ordering information, or to add the book to a virtual shopping cart, via which the user completes the order at the end of the shopping session.
- HTML files are text files that contain embedded markup in the form of tags.
- the tags provide a variety of functions, such as to identify the overall structure of a web page, the locations of graphics and text, the formatting of text and the functionality of various types of input forms, such as the windows 26, 28 and 32 in the examples of Figures 2a-2c.
- the present invention incorporates features into the HTML web pages to detect when events of interest occur during the conduct of transactions between the web site servers 10-12 and the users' communication devices 18-24.
- one of the extensions of HTML technology known as dynamic HTML, or DHTML
- DHTML provides the ability to make a web page interactive, rather than merely present static information. In the context of the invention, this interactivity is employed to call up functions that enable the occurrence of preselected events to be monitored.
- two particular events may be of interest to the web site host, namely the time at which a user submits a request for information, such as a search query, and the time that a web page responsive to the request is loaded into the user's computer or other communication device.
- These two events can be detected by means of DHTML statements that are incorporated into the HTML tags of a web page.
- the following HTML code listing depicts a body tag which includes a DHTML statement that calls a function for logging the occurrence of an event, and a form tag which includes a DHTML statement that calls another function for indicating the start of a transaction:
- the first of these DHTML statements indicates that, upon loading of the web page into the user's computer, a function "DetectEvent” is to be called, and two items of data, namely "Bookseller Home Page” and “Loaded” are provided with the call.
- the second DHTML statement indicates that upon submission of the data in a form, for example upon clicking of the button 30, a function "TransactionStart” is called, and the function is provided with the textual data "Search For".
- the functions that are called by the DHTML statements are encoded within one or more script files that are incorporated within the web page.
- the script file may follow the HTML document.
- the following example illustrates pseudocode in the Java script language which implements four functions, namely TransactionStart, TransactionStop, TransactionFailed and DetectEvent:
- the DetectEvent function is called when a page is loaded which contains the "onload” DHTML statement.
- this function issues a "logEvent" call to an applet contained within the current document, or web page.
- the applet operates to record data provided by function calls, and subsequently communicates this data to the server from which the page was transmitted.
- this applet is named "WebMonitor”.
- the applet records two items of data provided by the calling function, i.e. the name of the event and the action associated with the event. In the example described above, the name of the event corresponds to "Bookseller Home Page" and the action is "Loaded”.
- the TransactionStart function operates in a similar manner, to call the applet.
- the function provides data which identifies the submission that was made by the user. For instance, in the example of Figure 2a, upon pressing the button 30, the TransactionStart function calls the WebMonitor applet and provides an indication that the user initiated a search within the category "books", using the keyword "laser".
- the TransactionFailed function is associated with web pages that are displayed to the user when the results of a search are unsuccessful, such as the example of Figure 2b.
- the following HTML code provides an illustration of one manner in which the TransactionFailed function can be called:
- the TransactionFailed function When the TransactionFailed function is called, it in turn calls the WebMonitor applet and provides it with data relating to the failed transaction.
- a search for books using the keyword laser was the transaction that failed.
- the foregoing example also illustrates that the TransactionStart function is encoded within the web page, to initiate the recording of a new transaction if the user inserts information in the form window 32 (which has the name "forml") and activates the search button 34.
- the TransactionStop function is associated with web pages that are downloaded to the user in response to a successful match, such as the web page of Figure 2c.
- An example of HTML code which includes a DHTML statement for calling this function follows:
- the TransactionStop function operates to call the applet, and provides it with data to indicate that the search for books using the keyword "computer" was successful.
- the applet determines the elapsed time associated with successful transactions. Upon receiving a TransactionStart call, the applet associates a time stamp with the data that is provided to it. Similarly, when the TransactionStop function is called as a result of a successful response, the applet provides a similar time stamp, and then determines the elapsed time between the starting and stopping times. Another operation performed by the applet is to communicate the pertinent data received from the various functions to a central location.
- Figure 3 illustrates the flow of information that occurs in the operation of the present invention.
- the user establishes a connection between his computer 18, or other form of Internet communications device, and a web site host server 10.
- the server 10 downloads a web page to the user's computer.
- the downloaded page may be the home page of an e-commerce retailer.
- the downloaded web page contains the normal content associated with the retailer's home page.
- it includes the DHTML statements incorporated within the HTML tags, a script file containing the appropriate functions, and the applet, e.g. WebMonitor.
- the appropriate one of the functions in the script file is called, which in turn causes the applet to record the appropriate data, for example in a temporary cache memory, and report this data back to a monitoring program on a central server.
- This report occurs as part of the same connection session between the server and the user, i.e. the data is reported back immediately rather than being stored at the user's site and reported at a later time.
- the applet when instantiated it establishes a guaranteed unique identification value, which it employs for the session.
- the monitoring program can be located on the same server as the web page that was transmitted to the user, or on a separate server, e.g. to a separate IP address.
- the monitoring program provides a variety of different types of reports in a manner that corresponds to the retailer's interest.
- Figure 4 illustrates an example of a Transaction Summary Report, which identifies each transaction, whether it was successful, and the response time associated with it. If a greater amount of information is desired, the monitor program can provide a Transaction Detail Report, of the type illustrated in Figure 5.
- the detailed report identifies the specific IP address of the remote computer to which the web pages were transmitted, and the times that the pertinent events were recorded at that computer.
- An Event Detail Report is illustrated in Figure 6. This report provides a log of the particular events that were recorded in response to the calling of the detect event function.
- One example of a monitoring program which provides reporting capabilities of this type is Performance Works, distributed by Landmark Systems Corporation.
- DHTML codes are employed as tags which call up functions, embodied in script files, that carry out the appropriate steps to perform a monitoring operation.
- tags it is not necessary to employ such tags to invoke the functions. Rather, events of interest can be processed within functions that may already be present in a web page.
- one approach is to manually encode each web page with the appropriate DHMTL codes, scripts and applets that are required for a particular monitoring session.
- DHMTL codes, scripts and applets that are required for a particular monitoring session.
- the process for incorporating the monitoring code into the web pages is automated, to thereby reduce the effort that is required and minimize the likelihood of errors.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a contextual menu 36 that is displayed when the user clicks the right mouse button while the cursor is positioned over a particular object in a web page, in this case the button 30 associated with the text input windows.
- This menu lists various types of operations that can be performed on the data of the web page, by means of the browser application. The last item on this menu is a command to define an action.
- the user is presented with a list of the possible actions and events that can be associated with that type of object, as shown in Figure 8.
- the choices in the list 38 include the ability to start a transaction, end a transaction, indicate a failure or detect an event.
- the user selects one of these choices from the list, it is stored in a database, along with identifications of the web page and object with which it is associated, as depicted in Figure 9. This database is stored on the server with the web pages of the site.
- a page is to be transmitted from the server, it is checked against the list of pages stored in the database, as depicted in the flow diagram of Figure 10. If there is a match, the HTML code for the page is examined to locate the objects stored in the database, e.g. body, form, etc. , and the appropriate DHTML code for the indicated function is inserted at that point in the page. In addition, the appropriate scripts and/or applets are added to the end of the web page. With this approach, therefore, the appropriate code to perform a monitoring function is dynamically added to each page at the time it is being transmitted, thereby removing the need to manually code each web page with the required statements.
- the present invention provides a system for monitoring the actual response times that are experienced by users of information provided over the Internet, and similar types of distributed communication systems, in a non-intrusive manner.
- the monitoring of events and transaction status is carried out without the need to install any software on the user's computer.
- the monitoring activities are transparent to the user, and do not interfere with the user's experience.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU60496/00A AU6049600A (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2000-07-11 | Server-based instrumentation system for internet-enabled applications |
EP00946797A EP1210677A1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2000-07-11 | Server-based instrumentation system for internet-enabled applications |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US36135699A | 1999-07-27 | 1999-07-27 | |
US09/361,356 | 1999-07-27 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2001008046A1 true WO2001008046A1 (en) | 2001-02-01 |
Family
ID=23421710
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2000/016321 WO2001008046A1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2000-07-11 | Server-based instrumentation system for internet-enabled applications |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1210677A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU6049600A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001008046A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004001601A2 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for transaction pipeline decomposition |
WO2008112615A2 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2008-09-18 | Citrix Systems Inc. | Systems and methods for end-user experience monitoring |
CN101631108B (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2012-12-12 | 国际商业机器公司 | Method and system for generating regular file for firewall of network server |
US8572160B2 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2013-10-29 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for script injection |
CN101632067B (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2014-10-22 | 思杰系统有限公司 | Systems and methods for end-user experience monitoring |
US9021140B2 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2015-04-28 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for error detection |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5884309A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1999-03-16 | Dynamic Web Transaction Systems, Inc. | Order entry system for internet |
US5897622A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-04-27 | Microsoft Corporation | Electronic shopping and merchandising system |
-
2000
- 2000-07-11 EP EP00946797A patent/EP1210677A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-07-11 WO PCT/US2000/016321 patent/WO2001008046A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-07-11 AU AU60496/00A patent/AU6049600A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5884309A (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1999-03-16 | Dynamic Web Transaction Systems, Inc. | Order entry system for internet |
US5897622A (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-04-27 | Microsoft Corporation | Electronic shopping and merchandising system |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004001601A2 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and system for transaction pipeline decomposition |
WO2004001601A3 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-12-29 | Ibm | Method and system for transaction pipeline decomposition |
WO2008112615A2 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2008-09-18 | Citrix Systems Inc. | Systems and methods for end-user experience monitoring |
WO2008112615A3 (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2008-12-31 | Citrix Systems Inc | Systems and methods for end-user experience monitoring |
US8572160B2 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2013-10-29 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for script injection |
CN101632067B (en) * | 2007-03-12 | 2014-10-22 | 思杰系统有限公司 | Systems and methods for end-user experience monitoring |
US9021140B2 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2015-04-28 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for error detection |
US9231815B2 (en) | 2007-03-12 | 2016-01-05 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for script injection |
CN101631108B (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2012-12-12 | 国际商业机器公司 | Method and system for generating regular file for firewall of network server |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6049600A (en) | 2001-02-13 |
EP1210677A1 (en) | 2002-06-05 |
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