US8961356B2 - Ten speed transmission with latching mechanisms - Google Patents
Ten speed transmission with latching mechanisms Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US8961356B2 US8961356B2 US13/921,906 US201313921906A US8961356B2 US 8961356 B2 US8961356 B2 US 8961356B2 US 201313921906 A US201313921906 A US 201313921906A US 8961356 B2 US8961356 B2 US 8961356B2
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- planetary gear
- torque transmitting
- gear set
- transmission
- mechanisms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
- F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0069—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising ten forward speeds
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
- F16H2200/2012—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with four sets of orbital gears
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2046—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with six engaging means
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to a multiple speed transmission having a plurality of planetary gear sets and a plurality of torque transmitting devices and more particularly to a transmission having ten speeds, four planetary gear sets and one or a plurality of torque transmitting devices with latching mechanisms to enable automatic engine start/stop.
- a typical automatic transmission includes a hydraulic control system that, among other functions, is employed to actuate a plurality of torque transmitting devices and to provide lubrication and cooling to the components of the transmission.
- the conventional hydraulic control system typically includes a main pump that provides a pressurized fluid, such as automatic transmission oil, to a plurality of valves and solenoids within a valve body.
- the main pump is driven by the engine of the motor vehicle.
- the valves and solenoids are operable to direct the pressurized hydraulic fluid through a hydraulic fluid circuit to the components of the transmission.
- the pressurized hydraulic fluid delivered to the torque transmitting devices is used to engage or disengage the devices in order to obtain different gear ratios.
- a transmission having an input member, an output member, four planetary gear sets, a plurality of coupling members and a plurality of torque transmitting devices.
- Each of the planetary gear sets includes first, second and third members.
- the torque transmitting devices are for example clutches and brakes.
- the transmission includes an engine automatic start/stop enabler.
- the transmission includes an input member, an output member, first, second, third and fourth planetary gear sets each having first, second and third members, and six torque transmitting mechanisms selectively engageable to interconnect one of the first, second, and third members with at least one other of the first members, second members, third members and a stationary member.
- the torque transmitting mechanisms are selectively engageable in combinations of at least four to establish at least ten forward speed ratios and at least one reverse speed ratio between the input member and the output member.
- a first latching mechanism is connected to a third of the six torque transmitting mechanisms, wherein the first latching mechanism latches the third torque transmitting mechanism in a ready state.
- the ready state refers to various states or conditions of the clutch may include a filled state where oil is fed to the circuits that actuate the clutch, a staged state where the clutch has been moved to near full engagement, and an engaged state where the clutch is fully engaged and ready to transmit torque, or any other state in between.
- a second latching mechanism is connected to a fifth of the six torque transmitting mechanisms, wherein the second latching mechanism latches the fifth torque transmitting mechanism in the ready state.
- a third latching mechanism is connected to a sixth of the six torque transmitting mechanisms, wherein the third latching mechanism latches the sixth torque transmitting mechanism in the ready state.
- One, two, or all of the third, fifth, and sixth torque transmitting mechanisms are in the ready state during a first forward gear.
- the third, fifth, and sixth torque transmitting mechanisms are in the ready state during a reverse gear.
- the first latching mechanism latches the third torque transmitting device during a startup of the motor vehicle after an automatic engine stop event or in preparation for a stop of the motor vehicle
- the second latching mechanism latches the fifth torque transmitting device during the automatic startup of the motor vehicle after the automatic engine stop event or in preparation for a stop of the motor vehicle
- the third latching mechanism latches the sixth torque transmitting device during the startup of the motor vehicle after the automatic engine stop event or in preparation for a stop of the motor vehicle.
- the first, second, and third latching mechanisms are hydraulic latching mechanisms.
- the first, second, and third latching mechanisms are mechanical latching mechanisms that are each mechanically coupled to one of the third, fifth, and sixth torque transmitting mechanisms.
- a first of the six torque transmitting mechanisms is selectively engageable to interconnect the input member and the second member of the second planetary gear set with the first member of the fourth planetary gear set and the third member of the third planetary gear set.
- a second of the six torque transmitting mechanisms is selectively engageable to interconnect the third member of the second planetary gear set and the first member of the third planetary gear set with a freely rotatable member.
- the third of the six torque transmitting mechanisms is selectively engageable to interconnect the second member of the third planetary gear set with the freely rotatable member.
- a fourth of the six torque transmitting mechanisms is selectively engageable to interconnect the second member of the first planetary gear set and the third member of the fourth planetary gear set with the freely rotatable member.
- the sixth of the six torque transmitting mechanisms is selectively engageable to interconnect the third member of the first planetary gear set with the stationary member.
- the input member is continuously interconnected with the second member of the second planetary gear set and wherein the output member is continuously interconnected with the second member of the fourth planetary gear set.
- FIG. 1 is a lever diagram of a ten speed transmission according to the principles of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of an embodiment of a ten speed transmission according to the principles of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a truth table presenting the state of engagement of the various torque transmitting elements in each of the available forward and reverse speeds or gear ratios of the transmissions illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 ;
- a lever diagram is a schematic representation of the components of a mechanical device such as an automatic transmission.
- Each individual lever represents a planetary gear set wherein the three basic mechanical components of the planetary gear are each represented by a node. Therefore, a single lever contains three nodes: one for the sun gear, one for the planet gear carrier, and one for the ring gear.
- two levers may be combined into a single lever having more than three nodes (typically four nodes). For example, if two nodes on two different levers are interconnected through a fixed connection they may be represented as a single node on a single lever.
- the relative length between the nodes of each lever can be used to represent the ring-to-sun ratio of each respective gear set. These lever ratios, in turn, are used to vary the gear ratios of the transmission in order to achieve an appropriate ratios and ratio progression.
- Mechanical couplings or interconnections between the nodes of the various planetary gear sets are illustrated by thin, horizontal lines and torque transmitting devices such as clutches and brakes are presented as interleaved fingers. Further explanation of the format, purpose and use of lever diagrams can be found in SAE Paper 810102, “The Lever Analogy: A New Tool in Transmission Analysis” by Benford and Leising which is hereby fully incorporated by reference.
- the transmission 10 includes an input shaft or member 12 , a first planetary gear set 14 , a second planetary gear set 16 , a third planetary gear set 18 and a fourth planetary gear set 20 and an output shaft or member 22 .
- the first planetary gear set 14 has three nodes: a first node 14 A, a second node 14 B and a third node 14 C.
- the second planetary gear set 16 has three nodes: a first node 16 A, a second node 16 B and a third node 16 C.
- the third planetary gear set 18 has three nodes: a first node 18 A, a second node 18 B and a third node 18 C.
- the fourth planetary gear set 20 has three nodes: a first node 20 A, a second node 20 B and a third node 20 C.
- the input member 12 is continuously coupled to the second node 16 B of the second planetary gear set 16 .
- the output member 22 is coupled to the second node 20 B of the fourth planetary gear set 20 .
- the first node 14 A of the first planetary gear set 14 is coupled to the first node 16 A of the second planetary gear set 16 .
- the second node 14 B of the first planetary gear set 14 is coupled to the third node 20 C of the fourth planetary gear set 20 .
- the third node 16 C of the second planetary gear set 16 is coupled to the first node 18 A of the third planetary gear set 18 .
- the third node 18 C of the third planetary gear set 18 is coupled to the first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 .
- a first clutch 24 selectively connects the second node 16 B of the second planetary gear set 16 and the input member or shaft 12 with the third node 18 C of the third planetary gear set and the first node 20 A of the fourth planetary gear set 20 .
- a second clutch 26 selectively connects the third node 16 C of the second planetary gear set 16 and the first node 18 A of the third planetary gear set 18 with a rotating member 27 .
- the rotating member 27 is supported for rotation within the transmission 10 .
- a third clutch 28 selectively connects the second node 18 B of the third planetary gear set with the rotating member 27 .
- a fourth clutch 30 selectively connects the rotating member 27 with the third node 20 C of the fourth planetary gear set and the second node 14 B of the first planetary gear set 14 .
- a first brake 32 selectively connects the first node 14 A of the first planetary gear set 14 and the first node 16 A of the second planetary gear set 16 with a stationary member or transmission housing 40 .
- a second brake 34 selectively connects the third node 14 C of the first planetary gear set 14 with another stationary member or the transmission housing 40 .
- the planetary gear set 14 includes a sun gear member 14 A, a ring gear member 14 C and a planet gear carrier member 14 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 14 D (only one of which is shown).
- the sun gear member 14 A is connected for common rotation with a first shaft or interconnecting member 42 and a second shaft or interconnecting member 44 .
- the ring gear member 14 C is connected for common rotation with a third shaft or interconnecting member 46 .
- the planet carrier member 14 B is connected for common rotation with a fourth shaft or interconnecting member 48 .
- the planet gears 14 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 14 A and the ring gear member 14 C.
- the planetary gear set 16 includes a sun gear member 16 A, a ring gear member 16 C and a planet gear carrier member 16 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 16 D (only one of which is shown).
- the sun gear member 16 A is connected for common rotation with the second interconnecting member 44 .
- the ring gear member 16 C is connected for common rotation with a fifth shaft or interconnecting member 50 .
- the planet carrier member 16 B is connected for common rotation with the input member 12 .
- the planet gears 16 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 16 A and the ring gear member 16 C.
- the planetary gear set 18 includes a sun gear member 18 A, a ring gear member 18 C and a planet gear carrier member 18 B that rotatably supports a set of planet gears 18 D (only one of which is shown).
- the sun gear member 18 A is connected for common rotation with the fifth interconnecting member 50 .
- the ring gear member 18 C is connected for common rotation with a sixth shaft or interconnecting member 52 .
- the planet carrier member 18 B is connected for common rotation with a seventh shaft or interconnecting member 54 .
- the planet gears 18 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 18 A and the ring gear member 18 C.
- the planetary gear set 20 includes a sun gear member 20 A, a ring gear member 20 C and a planet gear carrier member 20 B that rotatably supports the set of stepped planet gears 18 D (only one of which is shown).
- the sun gear member 20 A is connected for common rotation with the seventh interconnecting member 52 .
- the ring gear member 20 C is connected for common rotation with the fourth interconnecting member 48 .
- the planet carrier member 20 B is connected for common rotation with the output member 22 .
- the planet gears 20 D are each configured to intermesh with both the sun gear member 20 A and the ring gear member 20 C.
- the torque-transmitting mechanisms or clutches 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 and brakes 32 , 34 allow for selective interconnection of the shafts or interconnecting members, members of the planetary gear sets and the housing.
- the clutches 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 and brakes 32 , 34 are friction, dog or synchronizer type mechanisms or the like.
- the first clutch 24 is selectively engageable to connect the input shaft or member 12 with the sixth shaft or interconnecting member 52 .
- the second clutch 26 is selectively engageable to connect the fifth interconnecting member 50 with the rotatable member 27 .
- the third clutch 28 is selectively engageable to connect the seventh shaft or interconnecting member 54 with the rotatable member 27 .
- transmission 10 is capable of transmitting torque from the input shaft or member 12 to the output shaft or member 22 in at least ten forward speed or torque ratios and at least one reverse speed or torque ratio.
- Each forward and reverse speed or torque ratio is attained by engagement of four of the torque-transmitting mechanisms, as will be explained below.
- FIG. 3 is a truth table that presents the various combinations of torque-transmitting mechanisms that are activated or engaged to achieve the various gear states.
- An “X” in the box means that the particular referenced clutch or brake is engaged to achieve the desired gear state.
- multiple means of engaging a first gear ratio are shown.
- the transmission 10 includes an engine start/stop enabler system 100 that includes one or more of locking or latching mechanisms 102 A, 102 B, and 102 C associated with a subset of the torque transmitting mechanisms 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , and 34 .
- a first latching mechanism 102 A is connected with the second brake 34
- a second latching mechanism 102 B is connected with the first brake 32
- a third latching mechanism 102 C is connected with the third clutch 28 or the first brake 30 .
- the locking mechanisms 102 A-C can be any suitable mechanism that places the respective clutch or brake, such as, for example, those described below in a ready state.
- the ready state refers to various states or conditions of the clutch or brake that may include a filled state where oil is fed to the circuits that actuate the clutch, a staged state where the clutch has been moved to near full engagement, and an engaged state where the clutch is fully engaged and ready to transmit torque, or any other state in between.
- the transmission also includes a hydraulic control system 104 with a first solenoid 106 , a second solenoid 108 , a third solenoid 110 , a fourth solenoid 112 , a fifth solenoid 114 , and a sixth solenoid 116 .
- the solenoids 106 , 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , and 118 are variable force solenoids.
- the first solenoid 106 is in selective fluid communication with the first clutch 24 .
- the second solenoid 108 is in selective fluid communication with the second clutch 26 .
- the third solenoid 110 is in selective fluid communication with the third clutch 28 .
- the fourth solenoid 112 is in selective fluid communication with the first brake 30 .
- the fifth solenoid 114 is in selective fluid communication with the second brake 32 .
- the sixth solenoid 116 is in selective fluid communication with the third brake 34 .
- the hydraulic control system 104 may include various other systems, modules, solenoids, etc., without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- the hydraulic control system 104 includes variable bleed solenoids or on/off devices or any other suitable devices to selectively engage the torque transmitting mechanisms 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 by selectively communicating hydraulic fluid to the various torque transmitting mechanisms.
- the solenoids 106 , 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 are provided pressurized hydraulic fluid by a pressure regulator subsystem 119 that includes an engine driven pump 120 and/or an accumulator 122 .
- the engine driven pump 120 communicates with the solenoids 106 , 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 .
- the transmission 10 may include a second, auxiliary pump 124 in communication with the solenoids 106 , 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 .
- the pressure regulator subsystem 119 including the pump 120 and accumulator 122 or auxiliary pump 124 , as well as the solenoids 106 , 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , receive instructions from a controller 126 .
- the controller 126 may be a transmission control module (TCM), an engine control module (ECM), or a hybrid control module, or any other type of controller.
- the controller 126 is preferably an electronic control device having a preprogrammed digital computer or processor, control logic, memory used to store data, and at least one I/O peripheral.
- the control logic includes a plurality of logic routines for monitoring, manipulating, and generating data.
- an auto stop event may occur where the engine 79 is automatically turned off.
- the motor vehicle typically starts again in first or reverse gear. That is, the torque transmitting mechanisms 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 are engaged for reverse gear; or torque transmitting mechanisms 24 , 28 , 32 , 34 are engaged for first gear.
- the main pump 120 is no longer supplying pressure to the clutches and brakes. Accordingly, when the motor vehicle is ready to start again and the locking mechanisms 102 A-C are not employed, the transmission pump 120 is generally required to pump sufficient pressure to four of the torque transmitting mechanisms depending on which gear has been commanded.
- Sufficient pressure is preferably provided so that the torque transmitting mechanisms can be quickly engaged without lag when the vehicle starts again.
- the accumulator 122 is sized to provide sufficient fluid volume and flow, as moderated by respective solenoids 106 , 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 to the torque transmitting mechanisms depending on which gear has been commanded.
- the auxiliary pump 124 can be employed in place of the accumulator 122 to provide the appropriate hydraulic fluid pressure to the devices in the hydraulic control system 104 to selectively engage the torque transmitting mechanisms 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 .
- a combination of two or all of the transmission pump 120 , the accumulator 122 , and the auxiliary pump 124 provides flow to the torque transmitting mechanisms.
- the brakes 32 and 34 can be considered a holding brake and the clutch 28 a holding clutch. That is, prior to or at a start event, the locking mechanisms 102 A-C are activated to engage the brakes 32 , 34 and the clutch 28 .
- the transmission pump 120 or the accumulator 122 or the auxiliary pump 124 only has to provide sufficient pressure or sufficient volume of hydraulic fluid to engage one of the remaining torque transmitting mechanisms 24 and 30 for first or reverse gear, respectively.
- the transmission pump 120 or the accumulator 122 or the auxiliary pump 124 is required to provide pressure or fluid volume for one torque transmitting mechanism for a start event, whereas without the locking mechanism 102 , the transmission pump 120 or the accumulator 122 or the auxiliary pump 124 is required to provide pressure or fluid volume for four torque transmitting mechanisms for a start event.
- the locking mechanisms 102 A-C are directly coupled to the brakes 32 , 34 and clutch 28 and can be a mechanical latch or hydraulic latch or any other suitable mechanism and which can be under the control of the controller 126 .
- locking mechanisms are described in, but are not limited to, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/857,429 filed Apr. 5, 2013, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/867,495 filed Apr. 23, 2013, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/921,906 US8961356B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Ten speed transmission with latching mechanisms |
DE201410108410 DE102014108410A1 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2014-06-16 | Ten-speed gearbox with locking mechanisms |
CN201410271823.8A CN104235284B (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2014-06-18 | 10-speed transmission with bolt lock mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/921,906 US8961356B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Ten speed transmission with latching mechanisms |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20140378267A1 US20140378267A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
US8961356B2 true US8961356B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
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US13/921,906 Expired - Fee Related US8961356B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2013-06-19 | Ten speed transmission with latching mechanisms |
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US (1) | US8961356B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104235284B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014108410A1 (en) |
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US9625007B2 (en) | 2014-08-12 | 2017-04-18 | Allison Transmission, Inc. | Multi-speed transmission |
US9631707B2 (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2017-04-25 | Allison Transmission, Inc. | Multi-speed transmission |
US9689467B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-06-27 | Allison Transmission, Inc. | Multi-speed transmission |
US9726256B2 (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2017-08-08 | Allison Transmission, Inc. | Multi-speed transmission |
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US20140378267A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
CN104235284A (en) | 2014-12-24 |
DE102014108410A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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